This book examines groundwater hydrology as a scientific and applied discipline concerned with the occurrence, movement, and quality of subsurface water systems. It explains the physical and geological processes that govern recharge, storage, and flow of groundwater within diverse environmental settings. The discussion situates groundwater within the wider hydrologic cycle, emphasising interactions between surface water, geology, climate, and human activity. Attention is given to site characterisation, water quality assessment, and the influence of industrial and land use conditions on aquifer behaviour. By integrating hydrological theory with practical analysis, the book provides a coherent framework for understanding groundwater as a critical natural resource essential to environmental stability, economic development, and sustainable water management. It supports informed interpretation of data, modelling approaches, and responsible resource evaluation.

It is intended for students, researchers, engineers, and planners in hydrology and water resources. The book serves as an academic reference and practical guide for analysis, planning, and decision making, supporting sustainable groundwater development, protection of water quality, and effective management strategies across local, regional, and global contexts in contemporary environmental governance, policy, and practice today.